'Hurricane Katrina Essay\r'

'Crisis and Disasters\r\nOn lofty 23, 2005 the tropical depression 12 formed in the Caribbean then it rapidly became tropical impel Katrina on lofty 24, 2005 as it drifted toward southern Florida. Then on August 25 it strengthened into hurri thronee Katrina. No ane at this time had some(prenominal) idea of what was coming, that this would be on the five deadliest hurri hindquarterses in Untied States History. Resulting in the death of around 1, 820 peck. From the disconnect coast along Florida to Texas a lot damage was caused from storm surge. The main centre of damage was in innovative siege of Orleans, lanthanum which swamp receivable to levee systems failing, resulting in 80% of the city macrocosm flooded and the flood wet lasted for weeks, destroying homes, buildings, and entire communities. . Hurricane Katrina began in the Bahamas on August 23 and as it make it was into southern Florida it became a course of instruction 1 hurricane out front it grew rapidly in t he disconnectedness of Mexico. In the Gulf in became a socio-economic class 5 hurricane solely weakened before it hit southern lanthanum on August 29 becoming a category 3 hurricane. In just 9 hours the storm went from a category 3 to a category 5 hurricane, this was due to the storms movements over the fervent waters of the loop current, which increased the wind speeds of the hurricane. On August 26, the national Guard was activated in Mississippi to serve prep be for the oncoming storm. The nigh day the tell apart activated its Emergency trading operations promenade along with 57 other pauperism shelters opened along the coastline and evacuation orders were put into effect. lanthanum’s hurricane evacuation intend c everys for local anesthetic political sciences in areas along and near the coast to evacuate in three phases, starting with the flying coast 50 hours before the start of tropical storm military strength winds.\r\nPersons in areas designated Phase II begin evacuating 40 hours before the onset of tropical storm winds and those in Phase III areas (including unsanded Orleans) evacuate 30 hours before the start of such(prenominal) winds although many battalion at the time were un departing to evacuate due to the event they didn’t want to leave their homes, business, or even pets. many a(prenominal) private facilities that relied to bus companies and ambulance service to evacuate pack failed due to the fact that they waited in like manner long. This happened when the governor did not sign an requirement electric arc to allow licensed drivers to transport evacuees on enlighten buses. On August 27, George W. Bush, President of the fall in States, tell a state of emergency in indisputable areas of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. On August 28 almost all infrastructe had been shut down along the coast qualification it even harder to evacuate people. On the morning of August 28 with winds up to 175 mph and cat egory 5 statues it hit Louisiana. On August 29 Katrina made its second landfall as a category 3 with winds up to 125mph near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana.\r\nKatrina’s threesome landfall was near the Louisiana/ Mississippi line as a category 3 hurricane with 120mph winds. After hit Tennessee it was downgraded to a tropical depression and finally muzzy it’s force over the Great Lakes region. From the Gulf coast along Florida to Texas much damage was caused from storm surge. The main amount of damage was in New Orleans, Louisiana which flooded due to levee systems failing, resulting in 80% of the city universe flooded and the flood waters lasted for weeks, destroying homes, buildings, and entire communities. Secretary of mother country trade protection Michael Chertoff verbalise this was â€Å"probably the worst catastrophe, in the country’s history.” The aft(prenominal)math from Katrina had many negative effects. The economic effects from the storm w ere the worst. The Bush Administration asked for 105 jillion dollars in repairs and reconstruction for the area. Katrina ruined 30 cover rings in the Gulf Coast and caused 9 to permeably close. Mississippi’s fo lie downry industry was affected existence that 1.3 million acres of timber was destroyed, this was around 5 billion dollars worth of damage. Hundreds of thousands of people were left without businesss after Katrina. Hundreds of thousands of people were sent all across the United States to different shelter locations.\r\nThe levee failures in New Orleans are accounted to be the worst civil design fail in U.S history and a casing was filled against the U.S Army Corps of Engineers who built the levees by Judge Stanwood Duval but this was thrown out due to the sovereign immunity in the Flood guarantee Act of 1965. There was also another investigation of federal official agencies which resulted in the fall of FEMA director Michael D. Brown. On September 12, 2005 B rown resigned, stating that it was â€Å"in the best come to of the agency and best interest of the president.” Before his resignation Brown had already been taken away from his job as coordinator in federal efforts in New Orleans and the Gulf Coast by Homeland Security secretary Michael Chertoff . It was been said that Brown was obligate out of the administration rather that voluntarily resigning.. .\r\nKatrina destroyed many wildlife habitats and breeding grounds for marine mammals such as turtles, fish, birds, and many marshes for migrating ducks were destroyed. Seven million gallons of inunct were fountained into the ocean. Many spills were cleaned up but some managed to leak into the ecosystem and some towns were even flooded with oil involved waters. During the clean up, flood waters were pumped into Lake Pontchartrain, which took 43 days. Those waters contained many toxic things to wildlife such as bacteria, raw sewage, pesticides, toxic chemicals, and oil. Many citizens starting steal stores in New Orleans in essay of food, water, and many other items for personal gain. The news media describe rapes, murders, thefts during this but many reports turned out to be inaccurate. The National Guard was sent in to repair order and over the introductory week that’s what they accomplished. The Disaster Mortuary Operational Response aggroup was sent into Louisiana to to verify, document, and characterize deaths caused by hurricane Katrina. It was implant that there were 971 Katrina-related deaths in Louisiana and 15 deaths among Katrina evacuees in other states.\r\nDrowning was the cause of (40% of deaths, injury and trauma caused 25% of deaths, and heart conditions caused 11% of the deaths that were the major causes of death among Louisiana victims. After hurricane Katrina many state, local, and federal agencies were aware of the overserious devastation of the area but were unable to slip by with each other properly into order to di rect a rescue response such as help citizens, provide law enforcement, and evacuate the rest of the city. During the first ii days the federal government forces had no commutation with the states national guard . resulting in either agency cosmos able to lean at secure efficiency. No cardinal had any idea what the other agency was doing or had already through with(p). This resulted in the delay of many ground forces be assisted to the area. FEMA requested assistance from DOD not knowing what the National guard had already done to fill the same leases. This also resulted in no formal look across relationship which caused confusion on what jobs both sides need to do. The destruction of communications floor made it impossible for emergency responders and citizens to give effectively. With 70 percent of the city’s police officers being victims themselves there was not rich law enforcements to rectify order. The Department of Justice and Department of Homeland Security had to send it different agencies of law enforcement t to help the New Orleans police department .\r\nMany hospitals were destroyed during Katrina and with thousands of people needing assistance it was devastating. Most local and State public soundness and medical assets were overwhelmed by these conditions, placing even more responsibility on federal agencies.. The process for approval for the reimbursement for medical and public health services provided by Federal agencies created delays and frustrations among health dole out providers, patients and the general public. Triage was also a salient chemical element during Hurricane Katrina considering the fact that the number of people needing help was much greater than the number of first responders. Many people needed to be rescued and were injured and with the conditions of the city it was a hard task to find people and be able to transport to them a conduct center. This was a long task considering first responders had to lo calise a victim, transport them somewhere for help, get blanket off to the same area and keep looking yet to repeat the process over and over. It was hard to foot up and choose to would get help first considering the fact that only numbers of people would be plunge at a time. During Hurricane Katrina DMORT set up the drive Family National Call Center in Louisiana. This was the center of operations for finding the location and reuniting families that were separated during Hurricane Katrina.\r\n come to the fore of 13,000 people that were missing, around 7,000 were reunited to their families thanks to the DMORTS operation. DMORT were given two missions during Hurricane Katrina. wiz was to set up a lay down camp for DMORT and the other was to set up a base camp for the 1600 person Urban seek and Rescue crew. Other duties were to set up shipboard morgue facilities, do victim identification, forensic dental consonant pathology on diseased bodies, processing, preparation of dise ased bodies. One major thing that was learned during Hurricane Katrina is that during such a major contingency declaring a state of emergency and an evacuation of a area is not enough to reduce the amount of fatalities during a tragedy. A big problem was that During Katrina many agencies had no ways to communicate and set up a chain of command in order to operate at full efficiency of their abilities. When it is known that a natural disaster is breathing out to take place , the agencies that are going to respond being state or federal need to know in hit in order to set up a plan for each agency so that no one is doing the same thing over. Good communication methods need be planned out before hatful since this way such a major hack during Hurricane Katrina. Another major issue during Katrina was triage and the lack of first responders.\r\nOnce it is known that a major disaster is about to take place local medical centers can not be relied on being that there is a great chance they can be destroyed or without any power as seen during hurricane Katrina. Centers need to be set up away from the danger area and transportation of these civilians need to be alert in call down. Small issues that can lead into big problems such as the Governor during Katrina w did not sign an emergency electric discharge to allow licensed drivers to transport evacuees on educate buses are objectives that need to be taken conduct of in advance to avoid such issues. Centers that are set up need to be well equipped and supplied to handle the amount to people that will be sent there. Organizations such as the American Red Cross should be asked in advance for their assistance, not after the disaster has already taken place. Assistance on how hospitals to get paid back by federal funds for their assistance should be taken care of during advance being that this was a major issue during Katrina. Federal teams that will be needed just be warned in advance for their assistance and be t old to be on immediate standby. This should include professional search and rescue teams , the National Search and Rescue Response team, the National Guard, DMORT, Psychologists, EMS, Firefighter, state and federal police agencies, and DMAT should all be prepared .\r\n'